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Kangchenjunga ((ネパール語:कञ्चनजङ्घा), Sikkimese and , (ヒンディー語:कंचनजंघा)) is the third highest mountain in the world, and lies partly in Nepal and partly in Sikkim, India. It rises with an elevation of in a section of the Himalayas called ''Kangchenjunga Himal'' that is limited in the west by the Tamur River, in the north by the Lhonak Chu and Jongsang La, and in the east by the Teesta River. The main peak of Kangchenjunga is the second highest mountain in Nepal after Mount Everest. Three of the five peaks – Main, Central and South – are on the border between North Sikkim and Nepal. Two peaks are in the Taplejung District, Nepal.〔Bhuju, U. R., Shakya, P. R., Basnet, T. B., Shrestha, S. (2007). (''Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites.'' ) International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Kathmandu, Nepal. ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5〕 Kangchenjunga Main is the highest mountain in India, and the easternmost of the mountains higher than . It is called ''Five Treasures of Snow'' after its five high peaks, and has always been worshipped by the people of Darjeeling and Sikkim. Until 1852, Kangchenjunga was assumed to be the highest mountain in the world, but calculations based on various readings and measurements made by the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India in 1849 came to the conclusion that Mount Everest, known as Peak XV at the time, was the highest. Allowing for further verification of all calculations, it was officially announced in 1856 that Kangchenjunga is the third highest mountain. Kangchenjunga was first climbed on 25 May 1955 by Joe Brown and George Band, who were part of a British expedition. They stopped short of the summit as per the promise given to the Chogyal that the top of the mountain would remain inviolate. Every climber or climbing group that has reached the summit has followed this tradition.〔 Other members of this expedition included John Angelo Jackson and Tom Mackinon. ==Names== ''Kangchenjunga'' is the official spelling adopted by Douglas Freshfield, A. M. Kellas, and the Royal Geographical Society that gives the best indication of the Tibetan pronunciation. Freshfield referred to the spelling used by the Indian Government since the late 19th century.〔 There are a number of alternative spellings including ''Kangchendzönga'', ''Khangchendzonga'', and ''Kanchenjunga''.〔Denjongpa, A. B. (2002). Kangchendzönga: Secular and Buddhist perceptions of the mountain deity of Sikkim among the Lhopos. Bulletin of Tibetology 38 (2002): 11.〕〔Nirash, N. (1982). The Lepchas of Sikkim. Bulletin of Tibetology 18 (2): 18–23.〕〔Herrligkoffer, K. M. (1983). Sieg am Kanchenjunga: die deutsche Erstbesteigung. Droemer Knaur, München.〕 The brothers Hermann, Adolf and Robert Schlagintweit explained the local name Kanchinjínga (, Sikkimese IPA: ) meaning "The five treasures of the high snow" as originating from the Tibetan word (following IPA given in Sikkimese) ''gangs'' ) meaning "snow, ice"; ''chen'' meaning "great"; ''mdzod'' meaning "treasure"; ''lnga'' meaning "five". The name probably refers to the five snow-filled valleys surrounding the peak. Local Lhopo people believe that the treasures are hidden but reveal to the devout when the world is in peril; the treasures comprise salt, gold, turquoise and precious stones, sacred scriptures, invincible armor or ammunition, grain and medicine.〔Scheid, C. S. (2014). Hidden land and changing landscape: Narratives about Mount Khangchendzonga among the Lepcha and the Lhopo. Journal of the Irish Society for the Academic Study of Religions 1(1): 66–89.〕 Kangchenjunga's name in the Limbu language is ''Senjelungma'' or ''Seseylungma'', and is believed to be an abode of the omnipotent goddess Yuma Sammang.〔Subba, J. R. (2009). Mythology of the People of Sikkim. Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kangchenjunga」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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